The speed-up of the 5G network is not obtained by increasing the transmission power of the 5G base station, but by expanding the transmission bandwidth, improving the anti-interference ability and receiving sensitivity. Due to the high frequency band of 5G network construction and the relatively small coverage of base stations, the number of base stations is much more than that of 4G base stations to ensure the high speed and wide coverage of 5G. We expect the number of 5G base stations in China to be about 1.3 times that of 4G, about 4.3 million stations (excluding small base stations). In the future, 5G signals will not rely on signal towers that are far apart, but on micro base stations on street lights or telephone poles. In a microwave system, it is often necessary to divide a microwave power into several paths according to a ratio. This is the problem of power distribution. The components that achieve this function are called power distribution components or couplers, which mainly include: directional couplers, power dividers and various microwave branching devices. The coupler is a radio frequency device that extracts a small part of the signal from the main channel of the wireless signal, as shown in the figure:
The coupler is used in conjunction with the power splitter, mainly to achieve a goal-to enable the transmission power of the signal source to be evenly distributed to each antenna port of the indoor distribution system, so that the transmission power of each antenna port is basically the same.
The coupler is used in conjunction with the power splitter, mainly to achieve a goal-to enable the transmission power of the signal source to be evenly distributed to each antenna port of the indoor distribution system, so that the transmission power of each antenna port is basically the same.
5G base stations can be divided into macro base stations and micro base stations according to their single-carrier transmission power. Micro base stations can also be subdivided into micro base stations, pico base stations, and femto base stations. The power of the large base station is 40 watts, the power of the small base station is 20 watts, the power of the micro base station is only 10 watts, and the power of the pico base station even reaches 250 milliwatts. "After beamforming, the power allocated by the 5G base station to the antenna output is only 4 watts.
