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蓝牙模块的工作原理及模块分类等
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时间：2017-12-29 11:06:23
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蓝牙模块，是一种集成蓝牙功能的PCBA板，用于短距离无线通讯，按功能分为蓝牙数据模块和蓝牙语音模块。蓝牙模块
一、关系 对于最终用户，形象点说：蓝牙模块是半成品，蓝牙适配器是成品。常见的蓝牙适配器（也称dongle）为usbdongle，主要用于传输数据，也有串口 dongle；针对特殊用户，有语音dongle，等等；蓝牙模块根据协议分为支持1.1，1.2，2.0，3.0，4.0的模块通常后者兼容前者产品。
二、原理 作为取代数据电缆的短距离无线通信技术，蓝牙支持点对点以及点对多点的通信，以无线方式将家庭或办公室中的各种数据和语音设备连成一个微微网（Pico－net），几个微微网还可以进一步实现互联，形成一个分布式网络（scatter－net），从而在这些连接设备之间实现快捷而方便的通信。本文介绍蓝牙接口在嵌入式数字信号处理器OMAP5910上的实现，DSP对模拟信号进行采样，并对A/D变换后的数字信号进行处理，通过蓝牙接口传输到接收端，同样，DSP对蓝牙接收到的数字信号进行D/A变换，成为模拟信号。
蓝牙信号的收发采用蓝牙模块实现。此蓝牙模块是公司最近推出的遵循蓝牙V1.1标准的无线信号收发芯片，主要特性有：具有片内数字无线处理器DRP（DigitalRadioProcessor）、数控振荡器，片内射频收发开关切换，内置ARM7嵌入式处理器等。接收信号时，收发开关置为收状态，射频信号从天线接收后，经过蓝牙收发器直接传输到基带信号处理器。基带信号处理包括下变频和采样，采用零中频结构。数字信号存储在RAM（容量为32KB）中，供ARM7处理器调用和处理，ARM7将处理后的数据从编码接口输出到其他设备，信号发过程是信号收的逆过程，此外，还包括时钟和电源管理模块以及多个通用I/O口，供不同的外设使用的主机接口可以提供双工的通用蓝牙串口
三、模块分类 蓝牙模块按照标准分有1.2，2.0，2.1，4.0以及最新的4.1和5.0。
蓝牙模块按照用途来分有数据蓝牙模块和语音蓝牙模块。前者完成无线数据传输，后者完成语音和立体声音频的无线数据传输。
蓝牙模块按照芯片设计来分有flash版本和ROM版本。前者一般是BGA封装，外置flash的，后者一般是QFN封装，外接EEPROM。
蓝牙模块根据芯片厂商分有BroadCom蓝牙模块，Dell蓝牙模块，CSR蓝牙模块；
蓝牙模块根据用途分有数据蓝牙模块，串口蓝牙模块，语音蓝牙模块，车载蓝牙模块；
蓝牙模块根据功率分有CLASS1,CLASS2,CLASS3；
蓝牙模块根据应用和支持协议划分主要分为经典蓝牙模块（BT）和低功耗蓝牙模块（BLE）；
蓝牙模块根据协议的支持分为单模蓝牙模块和双模蓝牙模块；
蓝牙模块根据应用分为蓝牙数据模块和蓝牙音频模块；
蓝牙模块根据温度分为工业级和商业级。
四、模块接口 蓝牙模块的接口分串行接口、USB接口、数字IO口、模拟IO口、SPI编程口及语音接口。 仅需要数据传输时，系统构架时应尽量采用串行接口（TTL电平），这样市场上的模块都可以支持，如确实需要IO口，就需要根据需要进行蓝牙软件的开发，时间成本和经济成本都比较高。
五、无模块组成 蓝牙模块一般是由芯片、PCB板、外围器件构成。 不同蓝牙模块由于作用及应用不同，模块的外引管脚都会不一样。
六、应用领域 1、无线PC外设
2、无线游戏手柄
3、无线音频
4、远程控制
5、电子消费品
6、家庭自动化
7、玩具
8、个人健康和娱乐
