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红外额温枪技术原理
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时间：2020-08-16 23:23:13
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一切温度高于零度（-273.15℃）的物体都在不停地向周围空间发射红外能量。其辐射特性、辐射能量的大小、波长分布等都与物体表面温度密切相关。反过来,通过对物体自身辐射的红外能量的测量，便能准确地测定它的表面温度，这就是红外辐射测温的机理。
人体与其他生物体一样，自身也在向四周辐射释放红外能量，其波长一般为9-13μm，是处在0.76-100μm 的近红外波段。由于该波长范围内的光线不被空气所吸收，也就是说，人体向外辐射的红外大小与环境影响无关，只是与人体含存与释放能量大小有关，因此，只要通过对人体自身辐射红外能量的测量就能准确地测定人体表面温度。人体红外温度传感器就是根据这一原理，设计制作而成的。
红外温度传感器 目前市面上的红外温度传感器根据能量转换所用材料不同，主要有以下几种类型：
（1）热释电型：硫酸三甘肽、钽酸锂等
（2）热电堆型：N型和P型的多晶硅
（3）二极管型：单晶或多晶PN结
（4）热电容型：双材料薄膜
（5）热敏电阻型：氧化钒、非晶硅等 其实，这些类型都只是在接收红外能量后，转换方式和材料能效比不同而已。
目前耳、额温枪采用的红外传感器均为热电堆式，基本物理原理是塞贝克效应。
热电堆式温度传感器参数指标：
测量范围：-50℃-100℃；
测量精度：0.1℃以内，±0.1%以内；
工作温度：-20℃-+85℃；
最大测量距离：≦0-50mm（加透镜300-500mm）
输出电压：0-10mV；
热电堆温度传感器
红外热电堆传感器成品图主要封装形式有两种：TO46(TO18)/TO39(TO5)；
